[2603.25283] A Gait Foundation Model Predicts Multi-System Health Phenotypes from 3D Skeletal Motion

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence arXiv:2603.25283 (cs) [Submitted on 26 Mar 2026] Title:A Gait Foundation Model Predicts Multi-System Health Phenotypes from 3D Skeletal Motion Authors:Adam Gabet, Sarah Kohn, Guy Lutsker, Shira Gelman, Anastasia Godneva, Gil Sasson, Arad Zulti, David Krongauz, Rotem Shaulitch, Assaf Rotem, Ohad Doron, Yuval Brodsky, Adina Weinberger, Eran Segal View a PDF of the paper titled A Gait Foundation Model Predicts Multi-System Health Phenotypes from 3D Skeletal Motion, by Adam Gabet and 13 other authors View PDF Abstract:Gait is increasingly recognized as a vital sign, yet current approaches treat it as a symptom of specific pathologies rather than a systemic biomarker. We developed a gait foundation model for 3D skeletal motion from 3,414 deeply phenotyped adults, recorded via a depth camera during five motor tasks. Learned embeddings outperformed engineered features, predicting age (Pearson r = 0.69), BMI (r = 0.90), and visceral adipose tissue area (r = 0.82). Embeddings significantly predicted 1,980 of 3,210 phenotypic targets; after adjustment for age, BMI, VAT, and height, gait provided independent gains in all 18 body systems in males and 17 of 18 in females, and improved prediction of clinical diagnoses and medication use. Anatomical ablation revealed that legs dominated metabolic and frailty predictions while torso encoded sleep and lifestyle phenotypes. These findings establish gait as an independent multi-system biosignal, mot...