[2601.00809] A Modular Reference Architecture for MCP-Servers Enabling Agentic BIM Interaction

Computer Science > Other Computer Science arXiv:2601.00809 (cs) [Submitted on 21 Dec 2025 (v1), last revised 28 Mar 2026 (this version, v2)] Title:A Modular Reference Architecture for MCP-Servers Enabling Agentic BIM Interaction Authors:Tobias Heimig-Elschner, Changyu Du, Anna Scheuvens, André Borrmann, Jakob Beetz View a PDF of the paper titled A Modular Reference Architecture for MCP-Servers Enabling Agentic BIM Interaction, by Tobias Heimig-Elschner and 4 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Agentic workflows driven by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to Building Information Modelling (BIM), enabling natural-language retrieval, modification and generation of IFC models. Recent work has begun adopting the emerging Model Context Protocol (MCP) as a uniform tool-calling interface for LLMs, simplifying the agent side of BIM interaction. While MCP standardises how LLMs invoke tools, current BIM-side implementations are still authoring tool-specific and ad hoc, limiting reuse, evaluation, and workflow portability across environments. This paper addresses this gap by introducing a modular reference architecture for MCP servers that enables API-agnostic, isolated and reproducible agentic BIM interactions. From a systematic analysis of recurring capabilities in recent literature, we derive a core set of requirements. These inform a microservice architecture centred on an explicit adapter contract that decouples the MCP interface from specific ...