[2604.00812] Cost-Penalized Fitness in FMA-Orchestrated Mixture of Experts: Experimental Evidence for Molecular Memory in Domain Adaptation

Computer Science > Machine Learning arXiv:2604.00812 (cs) [Submitted on 1 Apr 2026] Title:Cost-Penalized Fitness in FMA-Orchestrated Mixture of Experts: Experimental Evidence for Molecular Memory in Domain Adaptation Authors:Martin Jaraiz View a PDF of the paper titled Cost-Penalized Fitness in FMA-Orchestrated Mixture of Experts: Experimental Evidence for Molecular Memory in Domain Adaptation, by Martin Jaraiz View PDF Abstract:We present experimental results from seven controlled runs of nanoFMT, a Free-Market Algorithm (FMA) orchestrated transformer with dynamic Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) management. The experiments address a fundamental question for advanced LLM development: how should an MoE system manage its expert pool when operating at full capacity under changing data distributions? We demonstrate that cost-penalized fitness metrics, combined with a linear grace period for newborn experts, produce a system that accumulates domain expertise through diversification rather than replacement. The central result is a round-trip domain shift experiment showing 9-11x faster recovery when returning to a previously learned domain, with zero expert births or replacements required. This "molecular memory" effect -- where dormant experts survive and reactivate when their domain returns -- has no analogue in current MoE management approaches. A preliminary cost analysis estimates annual savings of $39.1M and 27.1 GWh energy reduction for an OpenAI-scale provider under a moderate ...