[2509.23725] MedLA: A Logic-Driven Multi-Agent Framework for Complex Medical Reasoning with Large Language Models

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence arXiv:2509.23725 (cs) [Submitted on 28 Sep 2025 (v1), last revised 3 Mar 2026 (this version, v3)] Title:MedLA: A Logic-Driven Multi-Agent Framework for Complex Medical Reasoning with Large Language Models Authors:Siqi Ma, Jiajie Huang, Fan Zhang, Yue Shen, Jinlin Wu, Guohui Fan, Zhu Zhang, Zelin Zang View a PDF of the paper titled MedLA: A Logic-Driven Multi-Agent Framework for Complex Medical Reasoning with Large Language Models, by Siqi Ma and 7 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Answering complex medical questions requires not only domain expertise and patient-specific information, but also structured and multi-perspective reasoning. Existing multi-agent approaches often rely on fixed roles or shallow interaction prompts, limiting their ability to detect and resolve fine-grained logical inconsistencies. To address this, we propose \textsc{MedLA}, a logic-driven multi-agent framework built on large language models. Each agent organizes its reasoning process into an explicit logical tree based on syllogistic triads (major premise, minor premise, and conclusion), enabling transparent inference and premise-level alignment. Agents engage in a multi-round, graph-guided discussion to compare and iteratively refine their logic trees, achieving consensus through error correction and contradiction resolution. We demonstrate that \textsc{MedLA} consistently outperforms both static role-based systems and single-agent basel...