[2603.00048] MOSAIC: Unveiling the Moral, Social and Individual Dimensions of Large Language Models

Computer Science > Computers and Society arXiv:2603.00048 (cs) [Submitted on 9 Feb 2026] Title:MOSAIC: Unveiling the Moral, Social and Individual Dimensions of Large Language Models Authors:Erica Coppolillo, Emilio Ferrara View a PDF of the paper titled MOSAIC: Unveiling the Moral, Social and Individual Dimensions of Large Language Models, by Erica Coppolillo and Emilio Ferrara View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in sensitive applications including psychological support, healthcare, and high-stakes decision-making. This expansion has motivated growing research into the ethical and moral foundations underlying LLM behavior, raising critical questions about their reliability in ethical reasoning. However, existing studies and benchmarks rely almost exclusively on Moral Foundation Theory (MFT), largely neglecting other relevant dimensions such as social values, personality traits, and individual characteristics that shape human ethical reasoning. To address these limitations, we introduce MOSAIC, the first large-scale benchmark designed to jointly assess the moral, social, and individual characteristics of LLMs. The benchmark comprises nine validated questionnaires drawn from moral philosophy, psychology, and social theory, alongside four platform-based games designed to probe morally ambiguous scenarios. In total, MOSAIC includes over 600 curated questions and scenarios, released as a ready-to-use, extensible resource ...