[2603.00462] OPGAgent: An Agent for Auditable Dental Panoramic X-ray Interpretation

Computer Science > Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition arXiv:2603.00462 (cs) [Submitted on 28 Feb 2026] Title:OPGAgent: An Agent for Auditable Dental Panoramic X-ray Interpretation Authors:Zhaolin Yu, Litao Yang, Ben Babicka, Ming Hu, Jing Hao, Anthony Huang, James Huang, Yueming Jin, Jiasong Wu, Zongyuan Ge View a PDF of the paper titled OPGAgent: An Agent for Auditable Dental Panoramic X-ray Interpretation, by Zhaolin Yu and 9 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Orthopantomograms (OPGs) are the standard panoramic radiograph in dentistry, used for full-arch screening across multiple diagnostic tasks. While Vision Language Models (VLMs) now allow multi-task OPG analysis through natural language, they underperform task-specific models on most individual tasks. Agentic systems that orchestrate specialized tools offer a path to both versatility and accuracy, this approach remains unexplored in the field of dental imaging. To address this gap, we propose OPGAgent, a multi-tool agentic system for auditable OPG interpretation. OPGAgent coordinates specialized perception modules with a consensus mechanism through three components: (1) a Hierarchical Evidence Gathering module that decomposes OPG analysis into global, quadrant, and tooth-level phases with dynamically invoking tools, (2) a Specialized Toolbox encapsulating spatial, detection, utility, and expert zoos, and (3) a Consensus Subagent that resolves conflicts through anatomical constraints. We further ...